Solving Reciprocal Trig Equations
Convert the ratio, then find every angle
For with , solve . Cosecant converts to sine in the same way. If , use ; if , use cosine zero instead.
An inverse-trig key returns one principal value, not all solutions. Sine gives an angle from to , cosine from to , and tangent strictly between and . Use symmetry and the period to find the rest.
Worked example
Solve cosec x = −2 for 0° ≤ x < 360°.
The reference angle, the acute angle to the horizontal axis, is . Sine is negative in quadrants III and IV.
The calculator's is outside the interval. Both retained angles have sine .
In radians, if is the calculator value, sine solutions are and ; cosine solutions are ; tangent solutions are . Here is any integer. Replace by in degrees. Keep only values inside the interval and list repeated values once.
Solve for , and for .
Show worked answer
The first equation requires cosine . The second requires cosine zero with sine non-zero.
Transform both ends of the interval
When the input contains a shift or a multiplier, name the whole input . Apply that same change to both interval endpoints. Solve for there, then undo the change. This prevents missing a repeated cycle.
Worked example
Solve cosec(2x − 30°) = 2 for 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°.
Substituting gives inputs and , so neither denominator is zero.
Solve for . Use the transformed interval.
